Among Tao Yuanming’s many poetic and prose writings, Record of the Peach Blossom Spring has long been recognized as a classical masterpiece and frequently included in anthologies of traditional Chinese prose. In contrast, Poem of the Peach Blossom Spring remains relatively obscure, with limited circulation and far less influence. Numerous interpretations have emerged concerning the relationship between the two texts. This paper investigates their connection through the lens of ancient Chinese literary genre conventions, textual comparison, and the impact of transmission and dissemination. It contends that Record of the Peach Blossom Spring functions as a preface to the poem, forming with it a unified literary whole. By analyzing varying scholarly perspectives, the paper further explores interpretive inaccuracies and underlying causes of confusion—such as divergent understandings of genre, textual content, and classification—alongside issues related to edition differences and educational transmission. In doing so, this study revisits prevailing misconceptions and highlights the need for renewed inquiry into ancient Chinese genre theory.