ISSN : 1229-9618(Print)
ISSN : 2671-7506(Online)
ISSN : 2671-7506(Online)
Chinese Studies Vol.90 pp.247-271
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.14378/KACS.2025.90.90.12
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.14378/KACS.2025.90.90.12
From Lady to Queen : Interpretation of Guofeng and Understanding of Women in Early Confucianism through Excavated Texts
Abstract
This study aims to explore the interpretation of Guofeng(國風) and the perception of women in early Confucianism through excavated texts. In the pre-Qin period, interpretations of the Book of Songs(詩經) depicted women as figures caught in the tension between ‘se(色, desire)’ and ‘li(禮, ritual propriety)’, where ‘se’ was not considered inherently negative but rather an innate human nature that needed to be regulated through ‘li’. However, during the Han dynasty, the Book of Songs solidified its status as a canonical text, leading to a reinterpretation of women’s roles within the moral framework of ‘houfei(后妃, empresses and consorts)’. This transformation not only reflects differences in textual interpretation but also illustrates how women’s roles and sexual norms evolved within the imperial system. This study particularly draws on recently excavated bamboo and silk manuscripts, including Shanghai Museum Collection of Chu Bamboo Manuscripts (上海博物館藏楚竹書), Anhui University Collection of Warring States Bamboo Manuscripts(安徽大學藏戰國竹簡), Mawangdui Han Tomb Silk Manuscripts(馬王堆漢 墓帛書), and Beijing University Collection of Qin and Han Bamboo Manuscripts(北 京大學藏秦漢竹簡). These materials provide new insights into early Confucian interpretations of female imagery in Guofeng, particularly before and after the Qin-Han transition.
초록
본 연구는 전래 문헌과 출토 문헌을 비교 활용해 초기 유가(儒家)의 국풍(國風) 해석과 여성 이해를 탐색하고자 한다. 전국(戰國) 시기의 시경(詩經) 해석에서 여 성은 색(色)과 예(禮)의 긴장 속에 위치한 존재로 묘사되며, 색(色)은 부정적인 개념 이 아니라 예(禮)를 통해 조율되어야 할 자연스러운 인간 본성으로 간주된다. 그러나 한대(漢代)에 들어서면서 시경 해석은 경전으로서의 권위를 갖추게 되었고, 이에 따라 여성의 역할도 후비(后妃) 제도 안에서 재구성된다. 이러한 변화는 단순한 문헌 해석상의 차이를 넘어 제국 체제 내에서 여성의 역할과 규율이 어떻게 변화했는지를 반영한다.