The purpose of this paper is to analyze the difference between receptive and productive vocabulary in Chinese, and the difference in difficulty between receptive and productive vocabulary, targeting Korean college students. As a result of the analysis, the productive vocabulary correct rate was 27.66% and the productive vocabulary amount was 691.5. The receptive vocabulary correct answer rate was 74.57% and the vocabulary amount was 1864. There is almost a threefold difference between receptive and productive vocabulary. Even with the same vocabulary, it can be seen that productive vocabulary knowledge is more difficult. The following is the result of the difficulty analysis based on item response theory. First, the difficulty of receptive and productive vocabulary increased as the HSK level increased. Second, there was no vocabulary that fell into the category of ‘very difficult’ in the productive vocabulary. This is because there were many vocabulary words that did not fall under ‘very difficult’ with an average score of 0. Third, in terms of productive vocabulary, the entire HSK level 1 and 2 vocabulary was not included in ‘very easy’. Some second-level vocabulary words ‘雪, 教室, left side’ were classified as ‘difficult’ rather than ‘easy’. Fourth, the receptive and productive vocabulary lists were not symmetrical.

본 논문의 목적은 한국인 대학생을 대상으로 하여, 중국어의 수용적 어휘량과 생 산적 어휘량의 차이, 수용적 어휘와 생산적 어휘의 난이도 차이를 분석하는 데 있다. 분석 결과 생산적 어휘 정답률 27.66%이고 생산적 어휘량은 691.5개로 분석되었다. 수용적 어휘 정답률은 74.57%이고 어휘량은 1864개였다. 수용적 어휘량과 생산적 어 휘량은 거의 세 배 차이가 났다. 같은 어휘여도 생산적 어휘 지식이 더 어렵다는 것 을 알 수 있었다. 다음은 문항반응이론에 입각한 난이도 분석 결과다. 첫째, 수용적 어휘와 생산적 어휘는 HSK 급수가 높아질수록 난이도가 높아졌다. 둘째, 수용적 어휘에 비해 생산적 어휘의 난이도는 상당히 높았다. 셋째, 수용적 어휘와 생산적 어휘 목록이 비대칭을 보였다. 예를 들어 HSK 2급 어휘 ‘雪, 教室, 左边’은 수용적 지식 난이도 목록에서는 ‘매우 쉽다’, ‘쉽다’에 속했지만 생산적 어휘 목록에서는 ‘어렵다’에 속했다.